Design of salient pole machines
These type of machines have salient pole or projecting poles with concentrated field windings. This type of construction is for the machines which are driven by hydraulic turbines or Diesel engines.
Rotor of water wheel generator consists of salient poles. Poles are built with thin silicon steel laminations of 0.5mm to 0.8 mm thickness to reduce eddy current laminations. The laminations are clamped by heavy end plates and secured by studs or rivets. For low speed rotors poles have the bolted on construction for the machines with little higher peripheral speed poles have dove tailed construction as shown in Figs. Generally rectangular or round pole constructions are used for such type of alternators. However the round poles have the advantages over rectangular poles.
In case of salient pole machines either round or rectangular pole construction is employed. In these types of machines the diameter of the machine will be quite larger than the axial length.
Round Poles: The ratio of pole arc to pole pitch may be assumed varying between 0.6 to 0.7 and pole arc may be taken as approximately equal to axial length of the stator core. Hence
Axial length of the core/ pole pitch = L/τp = 0.6 to 0.7
Rectangular poles: The ratio of axial length to pole pitch may be assumed varying between 0.8 to 3 and a suitable value may be assumed based on the design specifications.
Axial length of the core/ pole pitch = L/τp = 0.8 to 3
Using the above relations D and L can be separated. However once these values are obtained diameter of the machine must satisfy the limiting value of peripheral speed so that the rotor can withstand centrifugal forces produced. Limiting values of peripheral speeds are as follows:
Bolted pole construction = 45 m/s Dove tail pole construction = 75 m/s Normal design = 30 m/s
